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Schmidtsdrift is a town in Pixley ka Seme District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. Situated 80 km west of Kimberley, it was originally a ford across the Vaal River which is now bridged on the main route from Kimberley to Campbell and Griquatown. The history of Schmidtsdrift has been traced back to 1827 when it was declared Crown Trust Land, occupied by the Tswana-speaking Batlhaping and Griqua people. It was scheduled as the Schmidtsdrift Native Reserve in terms of the 1913 Natives Land Act. The threat of relocation in the 1950s forced some of the Griqua families to identify as Batlhaping, becoming known as the Kleinfonteintjie community. Those Griqua who did not align themselves with the Batlhaping were forcibly removed subsequently. Ultimately the ‘black spot’ removal policy saw more than 1000 Tswana (Batlhaping) households removed in 1968, forced onto military trucks at gunpoint.〔(Karin Kleinbooi. 2007. Schmidtsdrift Community Land Claim. Published by the Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, School of Government, University of the Western Cape. Research Report 34. ISBN 978-1-86808-679-5 )〕 The former Schmidtsdrift farms continued to be state land. The South African Defence Force (SADF) Infantry Battalion acquired use of it in 1974, establishing a military training base.〔(Karin Kleinbooi. 2007. Schmidtsdrift Community Land Claim. Published by the Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, School of Government, University of the Western Cape. Research Report 34. ISBN 978-1-86808-679-5 )〕 After Namibia's independence in 1990 members of the 31 Battalion (the so-called Bushman Battalion) consisting of !Xun (also known as Vasekele) and Khwe (known also as Mbarakwengo), were settled in a tent town near to Schmidtsdrift.〔(Anthropology and the Bushman By Alan (Alan J.) Barnard, page 120 )〕〔Robbins, David 2007. ''On the bridge to goodbye: the story of South Africa's discarded San soldiers''. Jonathan Ball〕 They had been recruited by the South African Army in northern Namibia to fight against SWAPO.〔(In Search of the San By Paul Weinberg, page 19 )〕 In 2003 most of the !Xun and Khwe community relocated to Platfontein outside Kimberley following the successful landclaim on Schmidtsdrift by the erstwhile Batlhaping inhabitants.〔(Karin Kleinbooi. 2007. Schmidtsdrift Community Land Claim. Published by the Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, School of Government, University of the Western Cape. Research Report 34. ISBN 978-1-86808-679-5 )〕 The town hosts an eponymous diamond mine, 80% owned by Lonrho Mining and 20% by the Schmidtsdrift Communal Property Association. In June 2008 an 18.39 carat diamond was discovered at the mine.〔('Exceptional' find at Schmidtsdrift - IOL News )〕 ==See also== * Pomfret, North West, a town which similarly hosts a large population of South African Army veterans 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schmidtsdrift」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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